Infusion package manufacture



Feb. 5, 1957 H. O. IRMSCHER INFUSION PACKAGE MANUFACTURE Filed Oct. 11,1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 A Tl% Feb. 5, 1957 H. o. IRMSCHER 2,780,042

INFUSION PACKAGE MANUFACTURE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 11, 1952 IN VENTOR.

ATTOX/Vf) Feb. 5, 1957 H. o. IRMSCHER 2,780,042

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Hans 0. Irmscher, Uniondale, N. Y., assignor to National geakPackingCompany, Inc., a corporation of New Application October 11, 1952, SerialNo. 314,257 r 2 Claims. (CI. 53-57) This invention relates to themanufacture of infusion packages made with a heat-sealing coatedweb-strip filter sheet material. More particularly, the invention isdirected to an improved tension-feed control and heat-sealing web-stripsplicing seam joint machine portion incorporated in high speed, fullyautomatic machines, such as, for example, in the manufacture oftea-balls, or other packages utilizing a heat-sealed coated web-stripfilter sheet material, said machine web-strip splicing portion beinginstalled for convenient use as required, or as herein shown adjoiningto cooperate with a roll supply source of said web-strip sheet materialwhich includes a tension-controlled feed means for said strip sheetmaterial automatically passing to the machine and serving to reduce to aminimum spoilage and loss of operational time due to defective ordamaged web-strip sheet material, or to replace required web-strip sheetmaterial supply from a roll source when exhausted.

Among the objects of the invention are to provide an improvement of thecharacter described comprising an assembly of parts which shall becompactly arranged for convenient operation during quantity production,which shall automatically act to control the machine operation when thesupply of said web-strip sheet material being fed is defective, damagedor exhausted, which shall continuously feed the web-strip sheet materialto the machine as required for continuous high-speed manufacturing ofpackages, which improvement shall be capable of being incorporated intoor operated in conjunction with highspeed automatic package manufactureto provide a smooth running, dependable and reliable operationalinstallation, which shall include a slack take-up and heatsealing jointsplicing means of simple construction, which shall be capable to act incooperation with other automatic means, such as, an inspection control,for said machine operation, and which shall be practical and efiicientto a high degree of use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in parthereinafter pointed out.

This invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combination of elements and arrangements of parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter described and of which thescope of the application will be indicated in the following claims.

I In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one possibleillustrative embodiment of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a portion of a super high-speedautomatic packaging machine having incorporated as a portion thereof ofa heat-sealing webstrip filter sheet material seam-joint splicer andtensionfeed control constructed to embody the invention.

Figs. 2, 3, and ,4 are enlarged cross-sectional views taken on line 22in Fig. 1, line 3-3 in Fig. 2, and line 4-4 in Fig. 3, respectively,showing details of parts of the web-strip sheet material tension-feedcontrol forming part of an electrical circuit for automatically stoppingthe machine operation when defective or damaged web-strip sheet materialis fed, or said web-strip sheet material from the roll source supply isexhausted. Fig. 4, in addi:

nited States Patent 2,780,042 Patented Feb. 5, 1957 tion, includes asimplified diagrammatic portion showing the electrical connections andcircuit.

Figs. 5 and 6 are enlarged front and side elevational views,respectively, of the parts of the heat-sealing webstrip seam-jointsplicer shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged top plan view of the splicer shown in Figs. 5 and6 'but showing a portion of the swingably mounted heater die broken awayto fully expose the splicer base and the web-strip sheet material inposition for heat-sealing a seam-joint.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional View taken on line 8-8 in Fig. 7 showingdisposition of the splicer base parts, and the path of travel of theweb-strip sheet material indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 8, butshowing the heater die in position to form the seam-joint splice.

Figs. 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views taken on lines 1010 and 11--11in Fig. 9, respectively, showing details of splicer base parts andposition of the web-strip sheet material during the heat-sealingseam-joint splicing operation, and

Fig. 12 is a bottom plan view of the splicer base shown in Figs. 7 to11.

Referring in detail to the drawing, 20 denotes generally an improvedweb-strip sheet material tension-feed control and heat-sealingseam-joint splicer construction embodying the invention, and whenincorporated in a fully automatic infusion package manufacturing machineA (only a fragmentary portion of which is shown in Fig. 1), serves toreduce to a minimum spoilage and loss of operational time due todefective, damaged or exhausted web-strip sheet material W being fed forthe manufacturing of filled packages by said machine A. The latter maybe constructed and operated like that fully disclosed in applicantsUnited States Letters Patent No. 2,475,617, granted July 12, 1949,orthat as set forth in applicants co-pending application, Ser. No.79,034, filed March 1, 1949, or in application Ser. No. 306,764 filedAugust 28, 1952.

Machine A as herein shown may also include a suitable measuring deviceD, as for example, like that shown in applicants United States LettersPatent No. 2,490,056, grant-ed December 6, 1949, to supply in propertimed relation measured quantities of fluent material, such as tea T,and as herein shown, for filling hag forming sections M to produce thefilled packages like those produced as described and shown in saidco-pending application Ser. No. 79,034. Said filled packages may havethe bag forming sections or unfilled envelopes M formed from atransluscent, heat-sealing coated, filter web-strip sheet material W orother similar web material unreeled from a suitably arranged supply rollR.

The heat-sealing filter web-strip sheet material W may be of anysuitable foraminous construction, such as filter paper or a like baselayer coated as at C with a dry thermosetting plastic lamina.

It has been found in practice that a 6% pound fibrous stock sheet ofapproximately .001 inch thick of high wet tensile strength forms apractical filter paper base layer for the web-strip sheet material W,and .a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate forms a suitablecoating C to provide a pewious, dry and extremely thin lamina ofnormally less than .0005 inch thick which does not materially affect thefiltering capacity of said layer. About three ounces of said vinyllamina uniformly spread over one surface of each pound of said layerforms porous coating C.

As part of machine A, there also may be provided a suitable automaticinspection means control I for supervising and detecting defectivepackage section filling operations as shown and fully described inapplicants co-pending application, Ser. No. 134,634, filed December 23,194-9, now U. S. Patent No. 2,715,807, granted August 23, 1955.

In the manner fully disclosed in my said Letters Patent No. 2,475,617,machine A. may be utilized to manufacture tea balls and has saidweb-strip sheet material W continuously fed from supply roll R which issuitably mounted to turn on an axle shaft 21. The latter extendshorizontally above the level of floor F and may be rigidly supported tooverhang an end frame S of machine A from rack bracket 22 at a spaceddistance from said end frame S.

Said rack bracket 22 may also carry a suitable webstrip sheet materialunwinding and slack take-up means 23 which forms part of thetension-feed control of construction 29, said means 23 being positionedto direct said web-strip sheet material W longitudinally along machine Ato pass through a folder member or former H for providing a foldedclosed bottom and an open top for each bag forming section M, saidfolded sheet material W being gripped transversely the length thereofbetween continuously moving pairs of closely spaced pincer jaws G ofmachine portion A in providing said bag forming sections M, as shown inFig. l. Said jaws G are carried on an tip-facing run of an endlessconveyor belt Y and may be effectively controlled to open and close inthe same manner and by suitable means such as described in detail in mysaid Letters Patent No, 2,475,617.

Each pair of jaws G may be U-shaped or forked to grip the folded stripmaterial W transversely after passing through said folder member H toform successive upstanding empty bag forming sections M, each of thelatter extending between the forked portions of each pair of jaws G toleave the edges of said bag sections M open to project above the upperlevel of said jaws G prior to filling and heat-sealing top closure seamthereafter.

As the empty open ended bag forming sections M continuously travel withsaid jaws G carried by belt chain Y, they may be filled through the bagsection top openings with infusion material, such as tea leaves T,during continuous movement thereof under measuring device D,

after which said filled bag sections M1 each pass in the V path of lightbeams projected by supervising inspection means control I in the mannerfully described and shown in my said co-pending application Ser. No.134,634.

Rack bracket 22 may be of the angle hanger type which not only supportsaxle shaft 21 but also provides suitable mounting for a pair of spacedapart vertically aligned rollers 24 and 25 to freely turn onhorizontally extending axle shafts 24a and 25a, respectively, both maybe in parallel alignment above said roll axle shaft 21. As seen fromFig. 1, said rack bracket 22 may in addition serve to carry upper andlower spaced apart rollers 26 and 27, respectively, which may be mountedto freely turn on horizontally disposed shafts 26a and 27a,respectively. Rollers 26 and 27 may be positioned in vertical alignmentbetween frame end S, and said rollers 24 and 25 below the level of thelatter.

As seen from Figs. 1 and 5, web-strip sheet material W after beingunreeled from roll R is zigzag threaded successively about a movablymounted weighted slack take-up roller 23, rollers 25, 27 and 24 and thenpasses in an upwardly direction under upper roller 26 of the webstripsheet material unreeling and slack take-up means 23 to ride over astretcher bar 29 advancing horizontally to a heat-sealing seam-jointsplicer 3% which forms part of said construction 26.

Slack take-up roller 28 may be horizontally mounted in alignment withsaid rollers 24, 25, 26 and 27 for turning between a pair of guide bars23a with oppositely extending shaft ends 2% of said roller 28 slidablycarried in parallelly aligned elongated slots 230 of said bars 28a. Thelatter may be secured at upper ends thereof, as at 28d, to rack bracket22 so that roller .28 is guided in the above described mounting to beacted upon by gravity to unravel web-strip sheet material W from roll Rwhen said strip material W is drawn-fed by the operation of machine A,that is, by the movement of the leading portion of said folded stripmaterial W engaged between grippers G and advancing with conveyor Ythrough machine A, as is clear from Fig. 1..

As shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6, seam-joint splicer 30 may be mounted onhorizontally extending clamp plate 3% which is carried by an upwardlyextending portion 22:: of rack bracket 22, as at bolted connection 22b,to project outwardly above the level of frame end S. Said bolted clampplate Twila rigidly secures an L-inverted angle bar 3012 to whichhorizontally disposed spaced apart extended bearing blocks 29a may befirmly fastened as by screws 29.) to support the ends of said stretcherbar 29, as is clear from Figs. 5, 6, 7, 10, ll and 12.

Said angle bar 30b also has secured to a horizontally extending portionthereof positioned between said bearing blocks 29a, as by screw bolts30c, a suitable cradle or jig 31 for adjustably supporting a pressurereceiving base 32. Spaced apart nut-locking level adjusting screws 31aare provided to extend up through jig 31 and serve as a rigid levelsupport for under side 32a of said pressure receiving base 32, as isclear from Figs. 10, 11 and 12.

Pressure receiving base 32 may be constructed to include suitably rigidsheet material, such as steel plate 32b, which provides horizontalleveling of said under side 32a, steel plate 32b having a heat-insulatedcushioning layer 320 to provide, when required, a suitably positionedsurface whereon splicing of a desired heat-sealed lap joint-seam for theweb-strip sheet material W, as is clear from Figs. 6, 8, 9 and 10.

Partially extending over layer 320 and beyond horizontal portion ofangle bar 36b an under-slideway plate 33 and cover plate 33a secured inany suitable manner by spaced apart screws 33b in position for parallelalignment over said slideway plate 33 may be provided, said cover plate33a being spaced from the latter by side strip shims 330 so that twothicknesses of the web-strip sheet material W may be freely drawn overslideway plate 33 and under cover plate 33a, as is clear from Figs. 8,l0 and 11.

Since cover plate 33a extends over the region where the heat-sealedsplicing operation of the web-strip sheet material W is to be carriedout, said cover plate 33a may be slotted, notched, and slit as at 33d,33e, and 33 respectively, as shown in Fig. 7.

Slot 33d which extends transversely the width of cover plate 33a is madeto conform to the size and shape of a movably mounted pressure die 34,and spaced apart notches 3312 with intermediately positioned slit 33fprovide finger access to adjust the web-strip sheet material W inarranging and making the heat-sealed joint on said slideway plate 33, asis clear from Figs. 7 and 9.

Pressure die 34 may be of any suitable construction, and as here shown,comprises casing 34a having an impression surface area 34b made to bepositioned for extending all the way across the width of the Web-stripsheet material W to be spliced, and is so proportioned and may bemounted so as to be manually swung into, through and out of slot 33d sothat said surface area 34b can be brought into proper position for theheat-sealing operation of the spliced joint-seam J, as is clear fromFigs. 5, 6 and 9.

Pressure die 34 may be carried for limited movement through a suitablyloose coupling rocking connection 340 attached at a mid-portion of alever 34d which terminates at the free end thereof in handle 34c, saidlever 34d being hinged to swing on rock shaft 34], the latter beingmounted to turn in spaced end bearings of upstanding stanchion arms 34g,as is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Stanchion arms 34g may be rigidly mountedby extension support 34h from horizontal portion as angle bar 3% andlever 34d may normally be retained in uplifted or elevated position withpressure die 34 raised to clear cover plate 33a by suitable means, suchas arcuately-shaped compression spring 34 extending between lever 34dand a socket fitting 34k bolted to stanchion arm 34g, as shown in Fig.6.

For regulating the temperature of pressure die 34, there may be providedan electric thermostatically controlled heater 35 of any well understoodconstruction. Said electric heater 35 may be fitted to extendlongitudinally through pressure die 34 and connect with a suitableelectric power source (not shown) by wiring 35a which passes through anangle fitting 35b and flexibly armored conduit 35c of any wellunderstood approved construction.

As is fully disclosed in my said co-pending application Ser. No.134,634, inspection means control I may be operated in timed relationthrough suitable power transmission E with respect to the movement ofbag sections M and MI carried by jaws G with conveyor Y. As indicated inthe diagram portion of Fig. 4, said control I may include aphoto-electric eye relay K of any Well known make connected in circuitwith one or more off and on push button switches Q, magnetic motorstarter line control switch N for the motor power drive shaft P foroperating all the various other portions of machine A.

Directly concerned with automatic control of machine A in the presentembodiment of the electrical portion of the invention, there may beprovided in connection with said roller 27 a construction in which thelatter serves as a circuit switch control means. To that end, as shownin Figs. 1 to 4, a contact 270 terminating a leaf spring jumper 27d maybe mounted on an arm 27e which is secured to rack bracket 22 andelectrically grounded by being suitably connected, for example, withmachine frame S. Contact 270 is positioned to eletrically connect, thatis, to firmly rub the surface of roller 27 beyond portion thereof overwhich web-strip sheet material W rides, said roller 27 being made of anyelectric current conducting material, such as any suitable metal.

For completing said electric circuit control construction means servedby roller 27, there is also provided a second contact 27g terminating aleaf spring jumper 27h which is also mounted on said arm 27e at a spaceddistance from jumper 27d but is electrically insulated from said arm 27cby an insulation block 27k. Contact 27g is positioned to normally rideover the surface of the portion of web-strip sheet material W whichpasses about roller 27, as is clear from Figs. 1 to 4.

Jumper 27h may be electrically connected in circuit in any wellunderstood manner and, as here shown in simplified form as part of Fig.4, has a suitable wire lead 27m extending to a relay control R ofmagnetic motor control switch N for automatically stopping motor drive Pwhen said relay control R is energized.

In addition to motor drive P, machine A may have the working partsmanually operated for testing, servicing, maintenance and adjustment byturning handle wheel 36 as required.

From the above description and drawing, the practical operation of theinvention applied to or incorporated in packaging machine A will now bereadily understood.

As seen from Fig. 1, said filter paper sheet material W in a web-striphaving a thermosetting plastic lamina coating C as it unreels from theroll R, the supply source, has the advancing portion thereof confinedand directed to slack take-up means 23 in a zigzag path, successivelymoving about slack take-up roller 28 then about rollers 25, 27, 24 and26. From the latter, the path of travel of web-strip sheet material Wpasses up over stretcher bar 29 and then horizontally with web-stripmaterial coat ing C up-facing, said strip web material W beinglongitudinally folded by former H after passing over slideway plate 33and under cover plate 33a of splicer 30.

Folded web-strip material W with coating C in face to face relation, asis described in detail in my said Patent No. 2,475,617, or in theconstruction shown and decribed in my co-pending application Ser. No.306,764, filed August 28, 1952, isthen caused to be engaged by gripper Gand drawn with the advancing movement of conveyor Y to form temporarybag sections M with open tops extending above the level of said gripperG. When said open top sections M, during their continuously advancingmovement, approach the said device D, measured charges of the filler Tare delivered to the passing section M to provide filled bag section M1which is automatically inspected by said control means I in the mannerfully described in my said co-pending application Ser. No. 134,634.

Thereafter, said filled sections M1 may be completed by machine A asinfusion packages, such as tea balls, shown and described in my saidPatent No. 2,475,617 and said co-pending application Ser. No. 306,764.

Web-strip sheet material unwinding and slack take-up means 23 is thusseen to be operated by the drawing ofi or pull exerted on said foldedweb-strip sheet material W in the forming of bag forming sections M andM1 with the advancing movement of the gripper G carried by machineconveyor Y. Since unreeling of said web-strip sheet material W fromrollR requires exertion of degrees of force of wide range due to thecharacter of friction and adhesion present between wound layers ofweb-strip sheet material W forming roll R, said zigzagging of webstripsheet material W with the gnavity action of slack take-up roller 28 iseffective to assist in equalizing the feeding tension of web-strip sheetmaterial W to fold former H as a taut, wrinkle-free and crease-freesmootl1- coated sheet for the manufacturing operation to form said bagsections M by machine A.

As seen in Fig. 1, roller shaft ends 2812 are guided in the elongatedslots 280 so that roller 28 moves along bars 28a under the influence ofgravity to loop any unreeled existing slack of web-strip sheet materialW between roll R and the other rollers of said take-up means 23, saidweb-strip sheet material W being fed with coating C thereof up-facing toadvance horizontally from stretcher bar 29 through splicer 30.

In the manufacture of tea balls by machine A, webstrip sheet material Wsupplied in a full roll R is sufiicient to produce about 25,000 bagsections M, and in order to reduce to a minimum any possible loss ofoperating production should the web-strip sheet material W requirereplenishing by insertion of a new full roll R, or when the unreeling ofthe roll R should the Web-strip sheet material W be found damaged, tornor otherwise imperfect, then the operation of machine A must beinterrupted and stopped either to splice a leading end of web-stripsheet material W of a replenishing roll R to the end of roll R supplyingweb-strip sheet material W threaded through machine A, or to cut out andremove any damaged, torn or imperfect portion of the webstrip sheetmaterial W.

Said interruption and stoppage of the machine operation in the abovedescribed construction is automatically controlled, for as seen from thesimplified diagram portion of Fig. 4, said stoppage takes place whencontact 27g is grounded on roller 27, that is, when web-strip sheetmaterial W thereat ceases to be interposed whereby relay control R isenergized and made eflective to actuate magnetic motor switch control Nto open the circuit for stopping motor drive P in the well understoodmanner.

Normal production operation can be readily and expeditiously restored onagain insulating contact 27g from roller 27 after web-strip sheetmaterial W has been re plenished, or the damaged, torn or imperfectportion thereof cut out at splicer 30 whereat suitable shearing means,as for example, suitable scissors, edge trimmer, or sharp tear-cuttingedges 33g along cover plate slot 33d, may be provided to sever theweb-strip sheet material W transversely the length thereof so thatborder edges of the severed portions of said web-strip sheet material Wmay form into lap seamfioint I when positioned and heatsealed, as isclear from Figs. Sand-9.

For properly positioning said border severed portions to form lapseam-joint J on splicer 30, hand wheel 36 may be utilized and roll Rmanipulated to bring said border severed portions together, notches 33sand slit 33 of cover plate 33a permitting ready finger accessmanipulation. By supplying electrical power to wiring 35a forthermostatically controlling heating of heater 35 to a predetermineddesired temperature and then swinging lever 34d down from its elevatedposition shown in Figs. and 6 to that shown in Fig. 9, pressure diesurface 34a is brought into position for heat-sealing lap seam-joint J,as is clear from Fig. -9. Magnetic starter switch control N may beenergized to again start the operation of machine A by pressing startingswitch button Q and the web-strip sheet material W will then continue tobe properly fed as required. Said heat-sealed lap seam-joint I duringthe above described operation in splicer 30 forms a reliable splicebetween pressure die surface 34a and adjustably positioned cushionedinsert 32c of pressure receiving base 32.

it is thus seen that there are provided improved constructions in whichthe objects of the invention are achieved and which are well adapted tomeet all conditions of practical use.

As various possible embodiments may be made in the above invention foruse for different purposes and as various changes might be made in theembodiments and method above set forth, it is understood that all theabove matters here set forth or shown in the accompanyingdrawing are tobe interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Thus having described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. In a packaging machine of the character described having a sourcesupply means of web-strip filter sheet material having a thermosettingcoating supplied from a roll, the combination of means for constantlyadvancing said sheet material along a feeding path for producing bagforming sections in series sequence, an electrically operatedpower-drive for said advancing and bag section forming means, a slacktake-up means positioned in said path to provide tension forfiat-stretching said sheet material being unreeled from said roll, saidslack take-up means including a plurality of spaced apart rollers aboutwhich said sheet material is successively wound, one of said rollersbeing constructed and arranged to form part of an electric circuit forcontrolling stoppage of said advancing and bag section forming meanswith a portion of said sheet material being drawn partially around saidlast mentioned roller to normally serve as an insulator, aspring-pressed electric contact bearing on said insulator sheet materialpositioned to complete the circuit when the latter is displaced fromthereunder onexhaustion or damage of said sheet material, another ofsaid rollers positioned to take off the sheet material directly fromsaid roll, a movable bearing mounting for said last mentioned roller topermit raising and lowering thereof on path between said slack take-up.means and said advancing and bag section forming means including anelectrical- .ly;heated:thermostatically controlled die rnovabiy mountedto extend .across said path for applying heat-sealing pressure to form arequired seam-joint connection for said sheet material.

2. In a fullyautomatically operating high speed packaging machine of thecharacter described equipped to expedite restoration of operations afterstoppages and cut down outeoffservice time, damage and spoilage, asource supply means for providing web-strip filter sheet material havingon one surface thereof a thermosetting coating from stroll in flatstretchedcondition, means for constantly advancing said sheetmaterialalong a path in manufacturing bagforming sections in consecutive series,slack take-up means positioned in said path for providing tension to theflatstretched sheet material unreeled from said roll, means for foldingsaid flat stretched sheet material in position spaced to receive theflat stretched sheet material from said slack take-up means longitudinalportions of said surface coating being positioned in face to facerelation, a seam-joint splicer interposed to extend across said pathbetween said slack take-up means and said folding means, said advancingmeans including a power-drive means, said slack takeup means having aportion interconnected to stop said advancing means on exhaustion ordamage of said sheet material passing the slack take-up means, saidsplicer including a thermostatically controlled heated die movablymounted for positioning along said path to provide a lap seamjointconnection across the length of said sheet material on stoppage of saidadvancing means, a measuring filler device mounted along said path fordelivery of charges to said manufacturing bag sections beingmanufactured, and an inspection control :for making said ,powendrivemeans ineffective, said inspection control having a common memberassociated with said slack takeup interconnecting portion for stoppingthe advancing means when a defectively filled bag section advancingalong said path passes said inspection control.

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